Combustion and engine technologies

Vehicle approval certifies that the emissions of said vehicle meet the specifications imposed by existing standards. Although current regulations only concern a limited number of chemical species, the

Gasoline direct injection engines emit soot particles during rapid transients. This still poorly understood phenomenon is taken into account during new WLTCs a, aimed at more accurately reproducing

The reduction in IC engine particle emissions requires a detailed knowledge of the physicochemical processes at work during combustion. While fuels have long since been considered as a constant for